父母对儿童及青少年性别焦虑的看法：一项系统综述
父母对儿童及青少年性别焦虑的看法：一项系统综述
Parents’ Perceptions of Childhood and Adolescent Gender Dysphoria: A Systematic Review
——《性与婚姻治疗杂志》，2026年9月8日在线发表——
【摘要】在支持经历性别焦虑的儿童以及就社会和医疗性别转换做出决策的过程中，父母发挥着核心作用。尽管如此，学术文献中对父母视角的呈现仍显不足。本系统综述综合分析了探讨父母如何理解和解读儿童及青少年时期性别焦虑经历的相关研究。研究人员检索了多个数据库，最终有28项研究符合纳入标准。纳入文献以定性研究为主，且在招募方法和抽样策略上各不相同。分析归纳出了若干主题：父母最初往往感到震惊、困惑、悲伤和迷茫，随后经历意义构建与适应的过程；社会污名化以及对子女未来的担忧也是常见的议题。许多研究描述了父母从最初状态转向接纳并积极倡导的过程，但这些文献严重依赖于具有高度自我选择性的样本，导致持支持态度的母亲群体占比过高，而持反对或矛盾态度的观点则呈现不足。大多数研究基于性别肯定（gender-affirmative）的理论框架，鲜有研究对父母的经历进行纵向考察或基于不同的解释框架进行分析。研究结果表明，父母的经历错综复杂，而现有研究未能充分反映这一全貌。未来需要更多样化的方法论和观点视角，以指导针对经历性别焦虑的儿童及青少年的家庭包容性照护实践。
[Abstract] Parents play a central role in supporting children experiencing gender dysphoria and in navigating decisions regarding social and medical transition. Despite this, parental perspectives remain underrepresented within the academic literature. This systematic review synthesized research examining how parents understand and interpret experiences of gender dysphoria during childhood and adolescence. Searches were conducted across multiple databases. Twenty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. The literature consisted predominantly of qualitative studies and showed variation in recruitment methods and sampling strategies. Several themes emerged. Parents frequently described shock, confusion, grief, and uncertainty, followed by processes of meaning-making and adaptation. Social stigma and concerns regarding children’s future were commonly reported. Many studies described trajectories toward acceptance and advocacy, although the literature relied heavily on highly self-selected samples, with supportive mothers overrepresented and dissenting or ambivalent perspectives underrepresented. Most studies were informed by gender-affirmative frameworks, and few examined parental experiences longitudinally or across differing explanatory frameworks. The findings suggest that parental experiences are complex and insufficiently represented within current research. Greater methodological and viewpoint diversity is needed to inform family-inclusive approaches to the care of children and adolescents experiencing gender dysphoria.
论文原文：Stella O’Malley & Robin Ion (2026). Parents’ Perceptions of Childhood and Adolescent Gender Dysphoria: A Systematic Review. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, Published online: 08 September 2026.
https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2026.2724391
（翻译兼责任编辑：MARY）
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