性欲减退与困扰症状：一项针对中国城市女性的分析
性欲减退与困扰症状：一项针对中国城市女性的分析
Decreased sexual desire and distress symptoms: an analysis among urban Chinese women
——《性医学》第14卷第3期，2026年6月——
【摘要】背景：尽管中国制定了旨在提升女性性健康的国家妇女发展政策，但针对性欲减退障碍（HSDD）的研究仍显不足，这在一定程度上阻碍了该疾病的临床诊断与治疗。目的：本研究旨在探讨中国育龄女性性欲减退的主要自述影响因素，并描述其性困扰症状的体验。方法：于2020年4月至7月开展了一项在线横断面调查，共分析了3443份来自中国成年女性的有效问卷（有效回收率为82.6%）。使用工具：收集的数据包括人口统计学信息以及用于评估HSDD症状的“性欲减退筛查量表”（DSDS）。结果：受访者主要为中国城市育龄女性（年龄中位数为26岁，四分位间距为23–30岁）。“压力与疲劳”是受访者自述导致性欲减退的首要因素（占53.6%，n = 1846）。在对人口统计学变量进行标准化处理后，该因素的发生率依然较高（标准化率在50.1%至55.2%之间）。此外，受教育程度较高的女性中该因素更为普遍（与“初中”学历组相比，各教育程度亚组的调整后比值比[OR]在1.52至1.86之间）。具体而言，高强度工作压力与归因于各种因素的性欲减退相关（与“中等”压力水平相比，调整后OR在1.29至1.86之间）。总体而言，18.8%（n = 648）的受访者对自身的性欲或性兴趣水平不满意，40.2%（n = 1383）因性欲减退而感到困扰，63.6%（n = 2190）希望增强性欲。共有5.7%（n = 195）的参与者处于HSDD高风险状态（基于本研究设定的标准）。临床意义：本研究明确了影响中国育龄城市女性性欲减退的关键因素，挑战了针对“性欲减退障碍”（HSDD）的简单“缺陷模型”观点，并凸显了对性健康与性福祉服务存在显著的未满足需求。优势与局限性：作为首个针对中国女性性欲减退的成因及相关困扰症状的大规模研究，本研究填补了关键的知识空白。然而，在解读研究结果时需持谨慎态度，因为横断面研究设计和在线样本限制了结果的普适性，且所使用的评估工具尚未在中国人群中经过严格验证。结论：性欲减退在中国育龄城市女性中普遍存在，且主要与自我报告的压力和疲劳（尤其是工作压力）相关；值得注意的是，大多数中国女性希望拥有更高水平的性欲。
【关键词】性欲减退障碍；性欲；性困扰；女性
[Abstract] Background: Despite China’s national women’s development policies aimed at enhancing female sexual health, research on hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) remains insufficient, hindering its clinical diagnosis and treatment. Aim: We aimed to explore the primary self-reported contributing factors for decreased sexual desire among Chinese women of childbearing age and to characterize their experiences of sexual distress symptoms. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to July 2020. A total of 3443 valid responses (valid response rate 82.6%) from adult Chinese women were analyzed. Outcomes: Data included demographics and the Decreased Sexual Desire Screener (DSDS) adapted to assess HSDD symptoms. Results: Respondents were primarily Chinese urban women of childbearing age (median 26, interquartile range 23-30). “Stress and fatigue” were the primary self-reported contributing factor to decreased sexual desire (53.6%, n?=?1846). The prevalence of this factor remained high after standardization for demographic variables (standardized rates ranged from 50.1% to 55.2%). Furthermore, this factor was more prevalent among women with higher levels of education (compared to “middle school,” adjusted ORs ranged from 1.52 to 1.86 across education subgroups). Specifically, intense work pressure was associated with decreased sexual desire attributed to various factors (compared to “moderate,” adjusted ORs ranged from 1.29 to 1.86). Overall, 18.8% (n?=?648) were not satisfied with their level of sexual desire or interest, 40.2% (n?=?1383) were bothered by their decreased sexual desire, and 63.6% (n?=?2190) wanted it to increase. A total of 5.7% (n?=?195) of our participants were at high risk for HSDD (defined by our criteria). Clinical Implications: This study identified key factors influencing decreased sexual desire in Chinese urban women of childbearing age, challenges a simple deficit-based model of HSDD, and highlights a significant unmet need for sexual well-being services. Strengths and Limitations: This first large-scale study on the drivers and related distress symptoms of decreased sexual desire in Chinese women addresses a critical knowledge gap. Caution is warranted, however, in interpreting the findings as the cross-sectional design and online sample limit generalizability, and the assessment tools used have not been rigorously validated in a Chinese population. Conclusion: Decreased sexual desire was prevalent in Chinese urban women of childbearing age and was mostly associated with self-reported stress and fatigue, especially work pressure; notably, the majority of Chinese women desired higher level of sexual desire.
[Key words] hypoactive sexual desire disorder, sexual desire, sexual distress, women
论文原文：Lan Luo, Tong Fu, Jingjing Huang, Huafang Li (2026). ecreased sexual desire and distress symptoms: an analysis among urban Chinese women. Sexual Medicine, Volume 14, Issue 3, June 2026.
https://doi.org/10.1093/sexmed/qfag018
（翻译兼责任编辑：MARY）
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