大学一年级学生的歧视经历与睡眠困难
大学一年级学生的歧视经历与睡眠困难：日常睡眠质量的中介作用
Discrimination and sleep difficulties among first-year students: Mediation by daily sleep quality
——《健康心理学》第45卷，第6期，2026年6月——
【摘要】目的：学生进入大学阶段，往往伴随着睡眠困难的增加。日常歧视是导致睡眠困难的一个重要社会决定因素；本研究考察了大学入学前遭受日常歧视的经历与大学一年级期间睡眠状况之间的关联，并探讨了日常睡眠质量在其中的中介作用。方法：本研究采用纵向调查与每日日记相结合的方法，对628名背景各异的大学生（平均年龄=18.54岁）进行了考察，分析了在大学一年级秋季学期收集的“入学前遭受日常歧视”数据在多大程度上能预测春季学期的睡眠困难。睡眠困难的指标包括自我报告的入睡障碍及日间功能障碍。结果：入学前遭受日常歧视与春季学期较高水平的日间功能障碍相关（但与入睡障碍无显著关联）。此外，入学前遭受日常歧视还与14天期间较低的平均日常睡眠质量相关；而较低的日常睡眠质量进而导致了春季学期较高水平的日间功能障碍。尽管入学前遭受日常歧视与日常睡眠质量的较大波动性相关，但日常睡眠质量的波动性与春季学期的睡眠困难并无关联。结论：入学前遭受日常歧视与大学一年级的睡眠困难有关，且这些睡眠问题可通过日常层面的睡眠过程得到解释。关注日常睡眠质量可能是改善大一学生睡眠问题及其大学适应状况的一个重要健康干预切入点。
【关键词】大学适应，日常歧视，睡眠质量，入睡障碍，日间功能障碍
[Abstract] Objectives: The transition to college is associated with increased sleep difficulties. Everyday discrimination is an important social determinant of sleep difficulties, and this study examined associations between precollege exposures to everyday discrimination and sleep during the first year of college. The study also considers the mediating role of daily sleep quality. Method: Using a combination of longitudinal surveys and daily diaries, the extent to which precollege exposures to everyday discrimination collected in the fall semester predicted sleep difficulties in the spring semester of students’ first year in college was investigated in a sample of 628 diverse college students (mean age = 18.54 years). Sleep difficulties included self-reported sleep onset-related disturbance and daytime dysfunction. Results: Precollege exposures to everyday discrimination were associated with higher levels of daytime dysfunction (but not with sleep disturbance) in the spring semester. Precollege exposures to everyday discrimination were also associated with lower mean levels of daily sleep quality across 14 days; in turn, lower daily sleep quality contributed to higher levels of daytime dysfunction in the spring. Although precollege exposures to everyday discrimination were associated with higher variability in daily sleep quality, variability in daily sleep quality was not associated with sleep difficulties in the spring. Conclusions: Precollege exposures to everyday discrimination were associated with sleep difficulties in the first year of college, and these sleep concerns are explained by daily-level sleep processes. Targeting daily sleep quality may be an important health lever to improve first-year college students’ sleep problems and their transition to college.
[Key words] college transition, everyday discrimination, sleep quality, sleep disturbance, daytime dysfunction
论文原文：Yip, T., Zhao, Z., Wu, J., Yan, J., Zhang, M.-R., Lorenzo, K., Ruedas-Gracia, N., Cham, H., Chae, D. H., & El-Sheikh, M. (2026). Discrimination and sleep difficulties among first-year students: Mediation by daily sleep quality. Health Psychology, Volume 45, Issue 6, Pages 658–668. June 2026.
https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0001575
（翻译兼责任编辑：MARY）
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