默默承受痛苦：探究美国大学生痛苦的性经历及其与性别角色的关系
默默承受痛苦：探究美国大学生痛苦的性经历及其与性别角色的关系
Suffering in Silence: Examining U.S. College Students’ Painful Sexual Experiences and Their Relationship to Gender Roles
——《国际性健康杂志》第38卷， 2026年2月10日在线发表——
【摘要】目的：性交疼痛是一种常见但研究不足的体验。本研究采用非临床样本，纳入女性、男性和非顺性别参与者（在部分分析中），旨在更深入地了解常见性交疼痛（包括非插入式性交、阴茎阴道性交和肛交）的发生率及其潜在原因，以及这些疼痛与传统性别角色之间的联系。方法：本研究调查了263名美国大学生，询问他们认为性交疼痛的普遍程度，并让他们报告自己的性交疼痛经历，解释性交疼痛和继续进行疼痛性交的原因，并让他们填写一份性别刻板印象量表。数据收集于2022年至2023年期间在线进行。结果：女性报告阴茎阴道性交疼痛的可能性几乎是男性的两倍。在经历阴道-阴茎性交疼痛的参与者中，女性告知伴侣疼痛的可能性是男性的两倍，而停止性行为的可能性是男性的四倍。性别角色观念较强的参与者不太可能向伴侣报告性交疼痛。主题分析得出九个关于男女在性行为中感到疼痛的原因的主题，以及六个关于他们为何会继续进行疼痛性行为的主题。性别角色观念与其中几个主题相关。结论：本研究结果表明，性行为疼痛具有性别差异，女性更容易经历疼痛，且疼痛与传统性别角色观念相关。然而，男性也会报告性行为疼痛，并且出于类似的性别原因而未能告知伴侣。所有性别的人都应该了解，性行为疼痛虽然常见，但并非不可避免，更好的伴侣沟通可以减轻疼痛带来的不适。
【关键词】性交疼痛，性别角色，性别差异，性别化的性脚本
[Abstract] Objectives: Pain during sexual activity is a common, yet understudied experience. This research used a non-clinical sample and included women, men, and non-cisgender participants (in some of the analyses) in an attempt to understand more about the prevalence of and potential reasons for common painful sexual experiences (including non-penetrative, penile-vaginal, and anal sex) and their connection with traditional gender roles. Methods: For this study, 263?U.S. college students were asked about how common they believed painful sex to be, reported their own painful sexual experiences, provided potential explanations for pain during sexual activity and continuing that painful activity, and responded to a measure of hypergender beliefs. Data were collected online between 2022 and 2023. Results: Women were almost twice as likely as men to report pain during penile-vaginal intercourse. Of those participants who experienced pain during vaginal-penile sex, women were twice as likely as men to tell their partners about it and four times more likely to stop the activity compared to men. Participants higher in hypergender beliefs were less likely to report painful penile-vaginal intercourse to their partners. A thematic analysis yielded nine themes for why women and men might feel pain during sexual activity and six themes for why they might continue painful sexual activity. Hypergender attitudes were related to several of these themes. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that pain during sexual activity is gendered in that it is more common for women and is related to beliefs in traditional gender roles. However, men also reported pain during sexual activity and failed to inform their partners for similar gendered reasons. People of all genders should be informed that pain during sexual activity, while common, is not inevitable and that better partner communication could diminish their discomfort.
[Key words] Sexual pain, gender roles, gender differences, gendered sexual scripts
论文原文：Terri D. Fisher, Mary Bullard, Sydney Eyster & Camilla Kalthoff (2026). Suffering in Silence: Examining U.S. College Students’ Painful Sexual Experiences and Their Relationship to Gender Roles. International Journal of Sexual Health, Volume 38, Published online: 10 Feb 2026
https://doi.org/10.1080/19317611.2025.2605125
（翻译兼责任编辑：MARY）
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