"隆中对"及英文译文

隆 中 对

陈 寿〔魏晋〕

　　亮躬耕陇亩，好为《梁父吟》。身长八尺，每自比于管仲、乐毅，时人莫之许也。惟博陵崔州平、颍川徐庶元直与亮友善，谓为信然。

　　时先主屯新野。徐庶见先主，先主器之，谓先主曰：“诸葛孔明者，卧龙也，将军岂愿见之乎？”先主曰：“君与俱来。”庶曰：“此人可就见，不可屈致也。将军宜枉驾顾之。”

　　由是先主遂诣亮，凡三往，乃见。因屏人曰：“汉室倾颓，奸臣窃命，主上蒙尘。孤不度德量力，欲信大义于天下；而智术浅短，遂用猖蹶，至于今日。然志犹未已，君谓计将安出？”

　　亮答曰：“自董卓以来，豪杰并起，跨州连郡者不可胜数。曹操比于袁绍，则名微而众寡。然操遂能克绍，以弱为强者，非惟天时，抑亦人谋也。今操已拥百万之众，挟天子而令诸侯，此诚不可与争锋。孙权据有江东，已历三世，国险而民附，贤能为之用，此可以为援而不可图也。荆州北据汉、沔，利尽南海，东连吴会，西通巴、蜀，此用武之国，而其主不能守，此殆天所以资将军，将军岂有意乎？益州险塞，沃野千里，天府之土，高祖因之以成帝业。刘璋暗弱，张鲁在北，民殷国富而不知存恤，智能之士思得明君。将军既帝室之胄，信义著于四海，总揽英雄，思贤如渴，若跨有荆、益，保其岩阻，西和诸戎，南抚夷越，外结好孙权，内修政理；天下有变，则命一上将将荆州之军以向宛、洛，将军身率益州之众出于秦川，百姓孰敢不箪食壶浆以迎将军者乎？诚如是，则霸业可成，汉室可兴矣。”

　　先主曰：“善！”于是与亮情好日密。

　　关羽、张飞等不悦，先主解之曰：“孤之有孔明，犹鱼之有水也。愿诸君勿复言。”羽、飞乃止。

https://m.gushiwen.cn/shiwenv_69866a2892d3.aspx

The Longzhong Dialogue (隆中对)

From the Records of the Three Kingdoms by Chen Shou

Zhuge Liang personally worked the fields and often chanted the song “Liangfu Yin.” He was eight chi tall and frequently compared himself with Guan Zhong and Yue Yi, though people of his time did not acknowledge such comparisons. Only Cui Zhouping of Boling and Xu Shu (styled Yuan-zhi) of Yingchuan, who were his close friends, believed that he truly possessed such ability.

At that time the Former Lord (Liu Bei) was stationed at Xinye. Xu Shu met Liu Bei, who recognized his talent and valued him. Xu Shu said to Liu Bei:

“Zhuge Kongming is a Crouching Dragon. Would the General wish to meet him?”

Liu Bei replied, “Please bring him here with you.”

Xu Shu said, “This man may be visited, but he cannot be summoned. The General should personally go and call on him.”

Therefore Liu Bei went to visit Zhuge Liang. After going three times, he was finally able to meet him. Liu Bei then dismissed the attendants and said:

“The House of Han has declined; treacherous ministers have usurped authority, and the Emperor has been driven from his rightful position. I have not measured my own virtue or strength, yet I wish to uphold righteousness throughout the empire. But my wisdom and ability are shallow and limited, and thus I have suffered repeated failures until now. Nevertheless my ambition has not ceased. In your view, what course should I take?”

Zhuge Liang replied:

“Since the rebellion of Dong Zhuo, heroes have risen everywhere. Those who command provinces and control regions are too numerous to count. Cao Cao, compared with Yuan Shao, once had less reputation and fewer troops. Yet Cao was able to overcome Shao, transforming weakness into strength—not merely through heaven's timing, but also through human planning.

Now Cao Cao commands an army of a million men and holds the Son of Heaven in his control, thereby issuing orders to the feudal lords. Under such conditions he cannot be directly opposed.

Sun Quan occupies the region of Jiangdong and his family has ruled it for three generations. The land is naturally fortified, the people support him, and able men serve under him. Therefore he may be taken as an ally but should not be attacked.

Jing Province is guarded in the north by the Han and Mian rivers; its resources extend southward to the seas. To the east it connects with Wu and Kuaiji; to the west it leads to Ba and Shu. It is a land suited for military action, yet its present ruler cannot defend it. This may well be Heaven’s provision for you, General—Do you intend to seize it?

Yi Province is protected by dangerous passes and possesses fertile fields stretching a thousand li. It is a land of heavenly abundance from which Emperor Gaozu once established the Han Empire. Liu Zhang is weak and incapable; Zhang Lu occupies the north. The people are prosperous and the state wealthy, yet their rulers do not know how to care for them. Men of talent and wisdom there long for an enlightened lord.

You, General, are a descendant of the imperial house, renowned throughout the realm for trustworthiness and righteousness. You gather heroes and thirst for worthy men. If you can possess Jing and Yi, hold their natural defenses, make peace with the western tribes, win over the southern peoples, ally outwardly with Sun Quan, and cultivate good government within, then when great changes occur in the empire you should send a capable general to lead the army of Jing Province toward Wan and Luoyang, while you yourself lead the forces of Yi Province out through Qin-chuan. Then which among the people would not come bearing baskets of food and jars of drink to welcome you?

If this plan succeeds, the hegemonic enterprise can be achieved and the House of Han can be restored.”

Liu Bei said, “Excellent!”

From that time onward his relationship with Zhuge Liang grew closer day by day.

Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were displeased by this. Liu Bei explained to them:

“With Kongming by my side, I am like a fish that has found water. I hope you will say no more about this.”

Guan Yu and Zhang Fei then ceased their objections.

Translated by ChatGPT

2026-03-08