健康饮食模式、长寿基因与预期寿命：一项前瞻性队列研究
Healthy dietary patterns, longevity genes, and life expectancy: A prospective cohort study
——《科学进展》第12卷，第7期，2026年2月13日——
【摘要】健康饮食模式与预期寿命之间的关联尚不明确。本研究报告了五种饮食模式与英国生物银行103,649名参与者死亡率和预期寿命的前瞻性关联。在中位数为10.6年的随访期内，共记录到4314例死亡。替代健康饮食指数-2010、替代地中海饮食（AMED）、健康植物性饮食指数（hPDI）、膳食疗法控制高血压和糖尿病风险降低饮食（DRRD）均与较低的全因死亡率和较长的预期寿命相关，其中DRRD的关联性略强于hPDI。与最低五分之一人群相比，达到最高五分之一饮食评分的人群在45岁时预期寿命可延长1.9至3.0年（男性）和1.5至2.3年（女性）。男性采用DRRD饮食方案时预期寿命延长最长，女性采用AMED饮食方案时预期寿命延长最长。即使考虑了遗传易感性，这些显著关联仍然存在。我们的研究结果强调了健康饮食模式在延长预期寿命方面的优势，而与长寿基因无关。
[Abstract] Associations between healthy dietary patterns and life expectancy remain unclear. Here, we reported the prospective associations of five dietary patterns with mortality and life expectancy in 103,649 UK Biobank participants. Over a median follow-up period of 10.6 years, 4314 total deaths were documented. Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010, Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED), healthful Plant-based Diet Index (hPDI), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, and Diabetes Risk Reduction Diet (DRRD) were associated with lower all-cause mortality and longer life expectancy, with DRRD showing slightly stronger associations than hPDI. Compared with the bottom quintile, achieving the top quintile of dietary scores was associated with 1.9 to 3.0 years of life gained at 45 years in men and 1.5 to 2.3 years in women. The life gained was longest in DRRD for males and AMED for females. The significant associations remained when accounting for genetic susceptibility. Our findings underscore the advantages of healthy dietary patterns in prolonging life expectancy, regardless of longevity genes.
论文原文：Yanling Lv, Jing Song, Ding Ding, et al (2026). Healthy dietary patterns, longevity genes, and life expectancy: A prospective cohort study. Science Advances, Volume 12, Issue 7. 13 February 2026.
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ads7559
（翻译兼责任编辑：MARY）
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