香港年轻人在新冠疫情期间的社交退缩倾向
香港年轻人在新冠疫情期间的社交退缩倾向：
一项三波纵向研究
Young people's social withdrawal intention during COVID-19 in Hong Kong: A three-wave longitudinal study
——《精神病学研究杂志》2025年第186卷——
【重点】
? 近四成受访者在新冠疫情后有社交退缩倾向。
? 新冠疫情对心理健康的负面影响似乎与社交退缩倾向高度相关，尤其是在新冠疫情期间。
? 家庭、学校和社会在预防青少年社交退缩方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
【摘要】全球范围内的社交隔离措施和封锁措施可能引发并规范了“蛰居族”或长期社交退缩行为，尤其是在年轻人中。本研究旨在探讨香港半封锁期间，与新冠疫情相关的心理、家庭和学校因素，这些因素可能影响年轻人的社交退缩倾向。研究于2020年6月至2021年6月期间进行了三轮纵向调查。采用混合效应逻辑回归分析，探讨新冠疫情相关因素、心理因素、家庭和学校因素与社交退缩倾向之间的关系。来自11所学校的632名10-20岁年轻人完成了基线和后续测量。回应率为83.05%。在后续随访中，39.40%的受访者表示有社交退缩倾向。37.18%的受访者对新冠肺炎疫情感到无助。回归模型显示，基线时的孤独感、母亲在家工作和对新冠肺炎疫情的无助感与后续随访中持续的社交退缩倾向呈正相关。基线时父亲在家工作、学校关系改善和第二波疫情时家庭环境改善与社交退缩倾向呈负相关。及早识别心理健康状况不佳（尤其是孤独感）和有社交退缩倾向的年轻人，应成为后疫情时期的优先研究和服务重点。
【关键词】社交退缩倾向、蛰居族、新冠肺炎、抑郁症、孤独感、香港
[Highlight]
? Nearly 40 % of respondents had social withdrawal intention after COVID-19.
? The negative mental health impact of COVID-19 seemed to be highly correlated with social withdrawal intention especially during the COVID-19.
? Family, school, and society play a crucial role in preventing youth social withdrawal.
[Abstract] Worldwide physical distancing measures and lockdowns might have triggered and normalised hikikomori or prolonged social withdrawal behaviour especially among young people. The study aimed to examine the potential contributing COVID-related, psychological, family and school factors that related to one's intention to social withdrawal among young people during semi-lockdowns in Hong Kong. A three-wave longitudinal survey was conducted between June 2020 and June 2021. Mixed-effects logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association of COVID-related, psychological, and family and school factors with social withdrawal intention. 632 young people aged 10–20 years from 11 schools completed baseline and follow-up measures. The response rate was 83.05 %. At follow-ups, 39.40 % of the respondents reported to have social withdrawal intention. 37.18 % of the respondents felt helpless about COVID-19. The regression models showed loneliness, mother working from home, and hopelessness about COVID-19 at baseline were positive associated with persistent social withdrawal intention at follow-ups. Father working from home at baseline, better school bonding, and better family environment at the second wave were negatively associated with social withdrawal intention. Early identification of young people with poor psychological well-being, especially loneliness, and intention for being socially withdrawn should become a prioritised research and service focus in the post-COVID-19 period.
[Key words] Social withdrawal intention, Hikikomori, COVID-19, Depression, Loneliness, Hong Kong
论文原文：Tim M.H. Li, Shimin Zhu, Paul W.C. Wong (2025). Young people's social withdrawal intention during COVID-19 in Hong Kong: A three-wave longitudinal study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, Volume 186, Pages 314-321. June 2025.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.04.034
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