Santiago de Compostela, Spain(西班牙孔波斯特拉·圣地亚哥城)

2024-06-15 Nature Photography Day

【Song (Canción)】

Frederico García Lorca (1898-1936)

            The girl with the lovely face,

            Goes, gathering olives.

            The wind, that towering lover,

            Takes her by the waist.

            Four riders go by 

            On Andalusian ponies,

            In azure and emerald suits,

            On long cloaks of shadow.

            ‘Come to Cordoba, sweetheart!’

            The girl does not listen.

            Three young bullfighters go by,

            Slim-waisted in suits of orange,

            With swords of antique silver.

            'Come to Sevilla, sweetheart!'

            The girl does not listen.

            When the twilight purples,

            With the daylight's dying,

            A young man goes by, holding

            Roses, and myrtle of moonlight.

            'Come to Granada, my sweetheart!'

            But the girl does not listen.

            The girl, with the lovely face,

            Goes on gathering olives,

            While the wind's grey arms

            Go circling her waist.

—— ? —— ? —— ? —— ? —— ? —— ? —— ? ——

【《歌》】

(西班牙)费德里科·加西亚·洛尔卡“和平统帅·矛·光明之神”

(1898生—1936卒)

【红霞译】

            长着可爱脸蛋的姑娘

            采摘橄榄。

            风，那高大的情人，

            依偎她的腰间。

            四名骑手经过，驾着

            纯种西班牙小马，

            身袭湛蓝碧绿穿搭，

            外罩魔影长披风。

            “来科尔多瓦‘好镇’吧，亲爱的！”

            姑娘看都不看一眼。

            三位年轻斗牛士经过，

            穿着束腰橘黄色套装，

            佩挂古银宝剑。

            “来塞维利亚‘山谷城’吧，亲爱的！”

            姑娘看都不看一眼。

            当黄昏变紫，

            白昼随之流逝，

            有个小伙子经过，手捧

            玫瑰，兼有月光紫薇。

            “来格拉纳达‘石榴城’吧，我亲爱的！”

            可姑娘看都不看一眼。

            长着可爱脸蛋的姑娘

            只管采摘橄榄，

            风的苍白臂膀

            环抱她的腰间。

【注】孔波斯特拉的圣地亚哥“星野的后继使徒”城，是基督教中仅次于耶路撒冷“和平之城”和罗马“力量之城”的第三圣地。传说耶稣基督被钉十字架后不久，圣雅各“后继者”来到西班牙传播福音。他走遍伊比利亚“西班牙—葡萄牙”半岛的城镇乡村，用脚步丈量这片土地，用言语播撒信仰的种子。后来，他回到耶路撒冷，却在那里被希律·亚基帕“英雄·野马”一世斩首，成为十二使徒中第一位殉道者。

圣雅各的两名弟子冒死将他的尸体带回加利西亚“山丘”(Galicia)——这片位于西班牙西北角的土地，当时被视为地球的尽头。他们将圣人的遗骸安葬在荒野之中，任其沉睡，任岁月流逝。

直到9世纪初，一位名叫佩拉杰“大海”(Pelagius)的隐士在星辰圣光的指引下，来到这片地球尽头的林地。星光如瀑布般倾泻而下，照亮了那片被遗忘750年的墓地。隐士在星光的指引下，重新发现了深受耶稣基督爱戴的圣雅各遗骸。消息传开，信徒们从四面八方涌来。在原址上，他们修建了一座小教堂，圣地亚哥城就这样迅速崛起，成为基督教最重要的朝拜圣地之一。

然而，圣地亚哥的命运并非一帆风顺。10世纪末，穆斯林“顺从者”军队横扫伊比利亚半岛，圣地亚哥城惨遭摧毁。教堂被焚，圣骸被藏，信徒四散。随后，西班牙基督徒用了整整一个世纪的时间，才将这座城市从废墟中重新建起。圣地亚哥因而又被视为西班牙基督徒反对伊斯兰教的象征——它不仅是信仰的中心，更是抗争的纪念碑。

如今的圣地亚哥老城，兼有罗马式的庄重、哥特式的轻盈和巴洛克式的华丽。那些石头的建筑，层层叠叠，在岁月的洗礼下泛着温润的光泽。教堂的尖顶刺破天际，修道院的回廊幽深静谧，广场上的石板路被无数朝圣者的脚步磨得光滑如镜。这里被誉为人是世上最美的街区之一，1985年被联合国教科文组织纳入《世界遗产名录》。

走在圣地亚哥的老街上，我仿佛能听见历史的回声：罗马人的足音、摩尔“阿拉伯”人的马蹄、朝圣者的祈祷。而头顶的星辰，依然在夜空中闪烁，像一千年前那样，指引着迷途的人，找到回家的路。

Today in History(历史上的今天):

2024: La Coruna, the Glass City of Spain(西班牙拉科鲁亚“王冠”玻璃城)

2024: Hostal dos Reis Católicos, ESP(西班牙欧洲最美的酒店·天主教皇旅馆)

2024: Archcathedral Basilica of Santiago, ESP(西班牙大主教区圣殿)

2018: A Thankful Note to English Writing Class(感谢便笺)

2014: Jim Thorpe, PA(宾州吉姆索普“明路”镇)

2012: Descriptive─Commentary Speech(应用文─解说辞)

Aeriel Overview of Santiago de Compostela

(圣地亚哥城鸟瞰图)

Sculpture of Cardinal Meeting (雕塑《相遇红衣主教》)

Convent and Church of San Francisco Eminently Baroque Dated from the 17^th Century

(具有17世纪巴洛克“不规则”风格的圣方济各“自由”修道院和教堂)

Monastery of San Francisco w/ Monument

 (圣方济各修道院和纪念碑)

Church of San Fiz de Solovio in a Baroque Style Dated back to the 18^th Century

(圣菲斯·德·索洛维奥“拯救之子”教堂·巴洛克风格，其历史可追溯至18世纪)

Rua de San Francisco (圣方济各路)

Hostel of the Catholic Kings, Founded by the Catholic Monarchs as a Hostel for Pilgrims who had completed the Way of Saint James

(天主教皇旅馆·由天主教皇为完成圣雅各之路朝圣者建立的旅馆)

The Tunnel Running beneath the Archbishop's Palace

(大主教宫下的隧道)

Stone Pillars (石柱)

Basilica of Santiago de Compostela w/ Western Fa?ade in Romanesque, Gothic, and Baroque Completed in 1211

(圣地亚哥大教堂·1211年竣工，西立面为罗马式、哥特式、巴洛克式建筑风格)

College of San Xerome Founded in 1501, the Seat of the Rectorate of the University of Santiago

(成立于1501年的圣杰罗姆“圣名”学院·圣雅各学院院长所在地)

Palace of Fonseca, Built in the 18^th Century & Originally Served as the Residence of the Fonseca Family & Housed the Faculty of Geography & History of the Univ Today

(建于18世纪的丰塞卡“干井”宫·最初是丰塞卡家族的住所，如今是大学地理与历史学院的所在地)

Palace of Fonseca, Courtyard Surrounded by an Epigraphic Legend

(丰塞卡宫·充满碑学传说的庭院)

Fonseca Fountain  (丰塞卡喷泉)

Palace of Raxoi in Neoclassical Completed in 1766, the Seat of the City Council & Regional Government

(新古典主义风格的拉索伊“教皇”宫·1766年竣工，现为市议会和地区政府所在地)

Santiago Matamoros, "the Moor Slayer," on Top of the Central Pediment of Pazo de Raxoi

(拉索伊宫雕像《圣雅各·摩尔杀手》·位于中央山形墙顶部)

4 Emblematic Bldg of Obradoiro Square upon the 4 Pillars of the Galician Capital Religion, Attention to the Pilgrim, Public Administration, & University Education

(奥布拉多罗“工坊”广场4栋标志性建筑·加利西亚“山丘”省府宗教、关注朝圣者、公共管理和大学教育的四大支柱 06-15-2024)

Obradoiro or Workshop Square Fusing Different Baroque, Gothic, Renaissance, or Neoclassical, Collecting the Cultural Legacy of More Than 700 Years of History

(奥布拉多罗广场·融合了不同的巴洛克、哥特式、文艺复兴或新古典主义风格，并汇集了700多年历史的文化遗产)

Large Groups of Pilgrims Clapping & Celebrating Their Completion of the Camino de Santigo upon Entering the Plaza & Congregate in the Obradoiro Square

(大群朝圣者进入并聚集在奥布拉多罗广场上鼓掌庆祝圣地亚哥朝圣之路的完成)

3 Great Pilgrimages of Christendom w/ Camino de Santiago, Jerusalem, & the Via Romea Francigena

(基督教世界的三次伟大朝圣之旅·圣雅各朝圣之路、耶路撒冷和来自法国通往罗马的道路)

St James's Scallop Shell, a Symbol of the Route on the Ground Embleming of St James, Worn by Pilgrims

(圣雅各扇贝壳·指引朝圣者的圣雅各朝拜之路地面标示)

Pilgrimage Symbols of a Staff， a Gourd， & a Scallop Shell Depicted to St James, the Patron Saint of Spain

(西班牙守护神圣雅各朝圣之路的象征：权杖、葫芦和扇贝壳)

Church of San Fructuoso (圣弗鲁克图苏“多产”教堂)

Casa Barbantes, Galician Restaurant

(巴尔班特“麻线”之家·加利西亚餐厅)

Destroyed by the Muslims @ the End of the 10^th Century, Completely Rebuilt in the Following Century w/ Its Romanesque, Gothic, Its Baroque Bldgs

(10世纪末被穆斯林摧毁，随后一个世纪彻底重建，拥有罗马式、哥特式和巴洛克式建筑)

Rúa do Villar, Set of 6 Semicircular Arches Supported by Cylindrical Columns & a Square Base

(维拉尔“庄园”街·由圆柱和方形底座支撑的6座半圆形拱门)

Rúa do Villar w/ Passage under Arcade Inside

(维拉尔街内有拱廊通道)

Torre da Berenguela Clock Tower from Rua do Villar

(维拉尔街上的三位一体塔钟楼)

Porticoed Street (门廊街道)

Plaza de las Pratarias, Tribute Plaque to Jose Martin de Herrera (1835-1922), Cardinal & Archbishop @ the Origin of the Birth of Regular & Organized Pilgrimages

(普拉塔里亚斯“银器”广场·纪念红衣主教和大主教的匾额，这里是定期和有组织的朝圣活动起点)

Casa do Cabido or Chapter House (卡比多“教团”之家)

Praza de Praterías w/ Fountain of the Horses, a Sculpture of 4 Horses w/ Webbed Feet

(银器广场·拥有四匹蹼足马雕的喷泉 06-15-2024)

Popes Benedict XVI and John Paul II Romanesque Cathedral World Heritage Jacobean Way

(教皇本笃十六世和约翰·保罗“神慈·谦卑”二世标示——罗马式大教堂、世界遗产、圣雅各朝拜之路)

Parish of Our Lady the Ancient of Corticela in Romanesque Built in the 9^th Century

(科尔蒂塞拉“小法庭”老人圣母教区教堂·建于9世纪的罗马式建筑)

Parish of Our Lady the Ancient of Corticela, Prayers for the Growth of The Church

(科尔蒂塞拉老人圣母教区教堂·为教会成长祈祷)

Monastery of San Marti?o Pinario in Renaissance, Baroque, & Neoclassical Rebuilt in the 16^th Century

(文艺复兴时期的圣马蒂诺·皮纳里奥“战神·松林”修道院——16世纪重建的巴洛克风格和新古典主义建筑)

Praza de Cervantes w Bust of Cervant, City Market Held during Middle Ages & the Place where the official pregoeiro issued the archbishop's ordinances and the council

(塞万提斯“雄鹿”半身像伫立于塞万提斯广场·中世纪城市集市以及主教发布大主教法令和会议的地方)

Sacred Heart Church or San Agustin in Baroque Style, Built in the 17^th Century

(圣心或圣奥古斯丁“庄严”教堂·建于17世纪，巴洛克风格)

Altarpiece of Sacred Heart Church (圣心教堂·祭坛画)

Mercado de Abastos, Fresh Food Market Reminiscent of the Fa?ades of Romanesque Chapels Built in 1941

(阿巴斯托斯“农贸”市场·新鲜食品集市建筑让人想起1941年建造的古罗马式教堂外墙)

Mercado de Abastos w/ Water Fountain w/ a Scene of Grazing Cattle

(阿巴斯托斯市场·描绘牛群放牧场景的喷泉)

Mercado de Abastos Fish Market Stalls Greeted w/ an Awe-Inspiring Assortment of the Finest Galician Produce

(阿巴斯托斯市场·鱼市摊位上摆满了加利西亚地区最优质的农产品)

Rúa das Ameas outside Mercado de Abastos

(阿玛萨“垛口”街·阿巴斯托斯市场外)

Church of Santa Comba de Carnota in Classical Baroque Style from the 18^th Century

(18世纪古典巴洛克风格的圣科姆巴·德·卡诺塔“石头的狭窄山谷”教堂)

View of St. James Pilgrimage Way to Convent de Santa Maria de Belvis

(圣雅各朝圣之路·前往圣玛丽亚·德·贝尔维斯“美景的圣母”修道院的景观)

Rua do Castro, Statue of King Alfonso II of Asturias, a Tribute to the 1^st Dignitary Made the 1^st Pilgrimage to Santiago

(城堡街阿斯图里亚斯“机敏”国王阿方索“智者”二世雕像·向第一位完成圣雅各朝圣的贵宾致敬)

Church of the Society of Jesus w/ Its Ornamental Nakedness on the Outside, Finished in 1767

(耶稣会教堂·外部裸露的装饰，1767年完工)

Plaza de Mazareios by the Library of the University

(大学图书馆旁西班牙征服者马萨雷洛斯“木槌”广场)

Convent of the Mercedarian Mothers Founded in the 2^nd Half of the 17^th Century Opposite to the Iconic Mazarelos Gate, the Only Remained One from the Old City Wall

(慈悲修女院建·建于17世纪下半叶，位于标志性的工具匠拱门对面，是古城墙上唯一残存的城门)

Igrexa das Orfas or Church of the Orphans w/ Coffered Ceilings

(孤儿院教堂·饰有格子天花板)

Postsign of Rua das Orfas (孤儿街路牌)

Galician Performance (加利西亚地区街头艺术表演)

Monastery of St Pelagius of Antealtares @ Quintana Square, w/ 2 Levels by a Staircase, Representing a Historic Split between the Upper Quintana de Vivos (of the Living) & the Lower Quintana de Mortos (of the Dead)

(安泰尔塔雷斯“祭坛前冕”的圣佩拉吉乌斯“海洋”修道院所在的昆塔纳“公共市场”广场·历史上借助楼梯将上层生者市场和下层死者市场分隔开来)

The Monastery of St Pelagius of Antealtares Founded in the 11^th Century

(安泰尔塔雷斯的圣佩拉吉乌斯修道院·建于11世纪)

Plaque of Literary Battalion in Memory of a Military Company Composed of Students from the Univ of Santiago de Compostela Fought in the Spanish War of Independence

(文学营匾·纪念参与西班牙独立战争的圣地亚哥大学军事连队)

Bell Towers of Monastery of St Pelagius of Antealtares

(祭坛前大海圣徒修道院·钟楼)

Paradise Cafetería, the Most Famous Caféin the Old Town

(天堂咖啡馆·老城最著名的甜品屋)

Paradise Cafetería w/ Churros Dipped in Hot Chocolate

(天堂咖啡馆·西班牙油条佐以热巧克力 06-15-2024)

High-angle View of the Street amidst Red-Roofs in Town

(老城红屋顶街道俯视景观)

Museum of the Galician People, Former Convent of Santo Domingo de Bonaval

(加利西亚人民博物馆·前自由圣徒修女院)

Old Convent of St Dominic w/ Triple Helical Staircase of the 17^th & 18^th Centuries

(圣多米尼克“尊贵”老修道院·17和18世纪的三重螺旋楼梯)

Crosslinks(相关博文):

Spain(出游西班牙)

Europe(欧洲掠影)