莎士比亚十四行诗第八首
全文如下:
SONNET 8
Music to hear, why hear'st thou music sadly?
Sweets with sweets war not, joy delights in joy.
Why lov'st thou that which thou receiv'st not gladly,
Or else receiv'st with pleasure thine annoy?
If the true concord of well-tuned sounds,
By unions married, do offend thine ear,
They do but sweetly chide thee, who confounds
In singleness the parts that thou shouldst bear.
Mark how one string, sweet husband to another,
Strikes each in each by mutual ordering,
Resembling sire and child and happy mother
Who all in one, one pleasing note do sing:
Whose speechless song, being many, seeming one,
Sings this to thee: 'Thou single wilt prove none.'
以下是分析:
第一小节:
Music to hear, why hear’st thou music sadly?
Sweets with sweets war not, joy delights in joy:
Why lov’st thou that which thou receiv’st not gladly,
Or else receiv’st with pleasure thine annoy?
第一二行:俊男啊,你听音乐时为何感觉悲哀?人们常说:甜甜不打仗,快乐与快乐相得益彰。“Music to hear"指美男子的声音好听如乐音。
第三四行:你为何花时间去听让自己不开心的音乐?或者,你从不快中获得某种愉悦?
”甜甜不打仗,快乐与快乐相得益彰“。然而,俊男(美少年)在听音乐时似乎情绪低落,为何?诗人接着又问了两个相关的问题。这两个反问都在指向下文的推论。
第二小节:
If the true concord of well-tuned sounds,
By unions married, do offend thine ear,
They do but sweetly chide thee, who confounds
In singleness the parts that thou shouldst bear.
第五六行:如果和谐悦耳的乐音, 因结合而生,却令你耳目不悦,
第七八行:它们只是温柔地责备你:你在单身中躲避了你本应承担的责任。
音乐之和谐在于乐音之间的结合“union","married"。而俊男不喜欢音乐,也许是因为音乐在责备他选择单身。
选择单身的结果是没有家庭,从而躲避了本该承担的为人父母的责任。家庭被认为是人生和谐的一个重要部分。单身不育就是拒不承担个体对人生的责任。
第三小节(最后六句):
Mark how one string, sweet husband to another,
Strikes each in each by mutual ordering;
Resembling sire and child and happy mother,
Who, all in one, one pleasing note do sing:
Whose speechless song being many, seeming one,
Sings this to thee: ‘Thou single wilt prove none.’
第九至十二行:一根琴弦是另一根的甜蜜的夫君,乐师循序敲击它们;就好像父亲、儿子与快乐的母亲。
第十三、十四行:他们合奏出悦耳的曲调:无词的歌曲众多却像同一首,都在向你唱道:“你单身,终将一无所有。”
全诗的翻译如下:
聆听音乐,为何你却情绪低落?
人们说:甜甜不打仗,快乐与快乐相得益彰。
为何你花时间去听让自己不开心的音乐?
或者,你从不快中获得某种愉悦?
如果和谐悦耳的乐音,
因结合而生,却令你耳目不悦,
它们只是温柔地责备你:
单身让你躲避了本应承担的责任。
一根琴弦是另一根甜蜜的夫君
乐师循序敲击它们;
如同父亲、儿子与快乐的母亲。
他们合奏出悦耳的曲调:
这无言之歌,曲调众多却浑然如一,
向你唱道:“你单身,终将一无所有。”