神学生必读书目/林慈信 -- 中华展望

神学生必读书目
A CLASSIC SEMINARY BOOK LIST

林慈信 -- 中华展望
Samuel Ling - China Horizon
Email: sling@chinahorizon.org
www.chinahorizon.org 中文网站﹕http://samling.ccim.org

2003年1月修订

CONTENTS 目录

Bible Versions and Study Bibles 圣经版本﹐研经版圣经
Bible Study Aids 查经法﹐查经材料
How to Interpret the Bible 释经
Bible Dictionaries 圣经辞典
Bible Commentaries 圣经注释
Topical Analysis of the Bible 出题汇编
Theological Dictionaries 神学辞典
Bible Surveys 圣经综览
Bible Introduction (Background) 圣经入门
(Evangelical) Biblical Theology 圣经神学
Doctrine: Creeds, Catechisms and Study Guides
教义﹕信条﹐信仰告白﹐信仰问答
Textbooks on Systematic Theology 系统神学教科书
Systematic Theology: Themes 系统神学﹕分题
Church History 教会历史
Apologetics 护教学
Modern Thought and Modern Theology 现代思潮﹐现代神学
Postmodernism and Paganism 后现代﹐异教
Pastoral Ministry and Counseling 教牧学﹐圣经辅导
Evangelism and Discipleship 布道﹐门徒训练
Missions, Culture, Anthropology 宣教学﹐文化人类学
Audiotapes and Videotapes 录音带﹐录像带
Bookstores, Wholesale Distributors, Publishers 书店﹐出版社
Periodicals 期刊
Distributors of Audiotapes and Videotapes 录音带﹐录像带出售处
Theological Seminaries 神学院

神学生必读书目
A CLASSIC SEMINARY BOOK LIST

建立一个基督徒的神学基础须要一生的努力。有一部分人借着进神学院进修达到这目的﹔可是有很多人没有这个机会。不幸的是﹐很多神学院毕业圣宾没有为自己的神学(信仰)打好根基﹔很多神学院在这方面失败了。不过﹐你还是可以开始这个旅程﹐为自己设计一个对事奉有帮助的神学课程。这须要你牺牲时间﹐和长期的努力。可是这是值得的投资﹐给你信仰和事奉建立稳固的基础。
Building one’s own theological foundation is a life time task. It may involve going to seminary, or it may not. Sadly, very often a seminary degree does not mean a solid foundation in Bible doctrine. However you can launch out on your own seminary education. It will involve effort and sacrifice of time. But it is most rewarding, and most importantly, it strengthens your faith and your ministry.

我们先要处理一个错误的观念﹐就是﹐很多人只喜欢看新书﹐买新书﹐尤其是罪畅销的书。事实上﹐新出版的书不一定比古旧的书好﹐不一定经得起时间的考验﹐不一定最有智慧。史托特曾经劝告神学生们﹐要从旧书中寻找智慧。巴刻同样地告诉我们﹐要从最经得起历史考验的智慧泉源吸取心灵的营养。初步入门的﹐要好好听劝﹗
New books are not always better than old books. John Stott (史托特) and J.I. Packer (巴刻) advise the reader to drink from the foundations of ripe, mature theology handed down through the centuries. Let the beginner take heed!

一个完备而合乎>的信仰系统是一个整体﹐可以从不同地方入手。
你可以先好好的细读>的书卷﹔或者﹐从学习系统神学开始。你可以先用一些好的参考书来帮助你准备主日学或查经办﹐如译本有份量的圣经辞典。或者﹐你可以跟着译本圣经入门 (圣经综览) 和一本圣经教科书来读经。
You can begin at a number of points, since a theological system is a comprehensive whole made up of many parts. You may start with a serious study of each book of the Bible; or by studying systematic theology. You may begin by using reference works (e.g. theological dictionaries) to supplement your preparation for Sunday School classes and Bible studies; or you may choose to follow a Bible survey or a Bible textbook.

BIBLE VERSIONS AND STUDY BIBLES 圣经版本﹐研读版圣经

一个有益的读经生活﹐是建立扎实的信仰根基的起点。
Christians need to make the most out of their personal devotions. Building a theological foundation can begin here!
目前英语世界的基督徒﹐很多爱用>﹐不过这里面不无问题。将来出版的>﹐可能采用女权主义的词汇 (英文称为 inclusive language) 。我个人已经从>改回用> ( NASB)﹔ 后者
可能没有>那么流畅﹐可是却对原为的字句更忠实。不妨到附近的基督教书店逛一逛﹐有时可以买到很便宜的> (美金六块就可以买到) 。可以为你的主日学的学生购买﹐让人手一册﹗
Although most Christians are now using The New International Version (NIV﹐ 新国际版) of the Bible, there are problems. A British edition of the NIV has been published, using “inclusive language.” I have recently switched back to the New American Standard Bible (NASB). It may not read as smoothly as the NIV, but it is more accurate to the original words of ????ure. If you shop carefully at your local Christian bookstore, there may be a very inexpensive version of the NASB (as low as US $6), which you may buy for your entire Sunday School class/Bible study group. Recently the English Standard Version (ESV) has gained the support of a good number of Bible-believing Christians. It is almost as readable as NIV, and as faithful to the original as the NASB.

中文读者除了>(1919) 以外﹐可以考虑> ﹔翻
译原则有一点像>。>与>是两本不同的>。后者是意译的﹐采用的原则与英文的Good News Bible 相似。
For Chinese readers, I recommend both the Union Version (和合本) and the newer New Chinese Bible (Zhong wen xin yi ben中文新译本), which is somewhat patterned after The NASB. Do not confuse the New Chinese Bible (a translation) with Xian dai zhong wen yi ben 现代中文译本, which is the Chinese version of The Good New Bible (only a paraphrase).

可以用英文读>者应考虑用> (以前称>)。这本研读本>提供不少的解释与专文﹐以十六世纪的宗教改革运动的精神﹐帮助读者建立扎实的信仰根基。我个人认为﹐这本>可以与灵修圣经一起并用﹐必定有很大的收获。
A solid tool to accompany your Bible study is The Reformation Bible (former name: The New Geneva Study Bible, Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson / Foundation for Reformation, 1995; you can order from Ligonier Ministries, P.O. Box 547500 Orlando FL 32854; 407 333 4244 or 800 435 4343; Fax 407 333 4233). The notes and the special articles all seek to build a solid theological foundation from the historic, 16th century Reformational perspective. If we complement this with the Life Application Bible (Tyndale and Zondervan, 1988), we will have two tools to build solid, practical Bible studies and sermons.

中文圣经中﹐>是最佳的选择﹐更新传道会出版。有足够的学术水准﹐同时实际的帮助读者明白经文的意义。与其他帮助基督徒灵修的圣经是有不同。
For Chinese readers, the NIV Study Bible published by Christian Renewal Ministries (Sheng jing: xin guo ji ban yan du ben 圣经﹕新国际版研读本, or The CRM Study Bible, Milltown, NJ: Christian Renewal Ministries, 1996) is the most complete study Bible. This Bible gives you background and guides you to understand the meaning and content of the Bible.

另外一本是由早期的中国神学研究院讲师编写的﹕ >(香港﹕证主﹐1987)。每一页的下半页都有查经的问题﹐让读者好好的回到经文去找答案。(没有答案﹐只有问题﹗)
Another helpful Chinese tool is the study Bible edited by China Graduate School of Theology’s faculty: Sheng jing: chuan zhu zhu xi ben 圣经﹕ 串珠注释本 [The Bible: CGST Study Edition] (Hong Kong: Christian Communications Ltd., 1987). The bottom half of every page is shaded in gray, and packed with thought-provoking questions (no answers, just questions!).

更新传道会最近在出版>﹐是读经者的好消息﹔有很多实际的应用提示。
Christian Renewal Ministries has recently published The Quest Bible in Chinese.

这里介绍的圣经﹐都是帮助你在严谨研究圣经上的工具。市面上还有其他的圣经﹐如>和>等。>英文版的译者是泰来博士﹐他翻译圣经原来的目的﹐是为家里孩子们在家庭灵修时用的。>与>都是意译的版本。
The ones I have listed are aimed at building one’s theological foundations.
There are other study Bibles for devotional use. For example, The Living Bible (当代圣经)or its newer edition, The New Living Translation (Tyndale House), as well as the very popular Good News Bible (American Bible Society), are paraphrases, not translations. They are helpful for you to get a contemporary twist to the text, but do not rely on them to give you the accurate meaning of the text. In fact, Dr. Kenneth Taylor originally did The Living Bible translation to help his elementary-school age children to understand the Bible.

福音派以外还有其他的版本﹐如美国教协(NCC) 的 RSV 和 NRSV。天主教
则出版 了> (JB) 。
Non-evangelical translations, which can be scholarly, should be used for reference only: e.g. The New Revised Standard Version (NRSV—National Council of Churches USA); The New English Bible (Oxford University Press/Cambridge University Press); The New Jerusalem Bible (Roman Catholic); and The New American Bible (Roman Catholic).

>出版之前﹐在历史上有两次重要的翻译﹕1880 年代的 RV﹐ 与 1900 年代的上 ASV。近年来﹐英语世界出版了 > (原称>) ﹐采用的是新鉴定版 (NKJV) ﹐ 英文比较古老﹐可是
一本信仰可靠的工具书。
Two older translations formed the background to the NASB, and are very solid and reliable: The Revised Version (RV) of the 1880’s, and The American Standard Version (ASV) of the 1900’s. The Reformation Bible is based on The New King James Version (NKJV), which patterns itself after the King James Version of the 1610s – archaic sounding, but quite good.

英文与中文读者需要留意﹐异端也出版圣经﹐如李常受地方教会运动 (出
版社名水流职事站) 最近出版了>。耶和华见证人 (守望台) 的圣
经名> ( New World Translation ) ﹐这些翻译本都属正统基督教
范围以外。
Both Chinese and English Bible readers should be aware that The Restoration Bible (hui fu ban﹐ 恢复本) is published by The Living Stream Ministries (shui liu zhi shi zhan 水流职事站), operated by the cult commonly known as The Local Church Movement, begun by the late Witness Lee. Another cultic Bible is The New World Translation, published by The Watchtower Society 守望台 (Jehovah’s Witnesses 耶和华见证人). College students often receive a copy of the New Testament of this translation on campuses.

BIBLE STUDY AIDS 查经技巧﹐材料

让我们介绍一些能刺激你的思想﹐严谨研究圣经的工具书。
To help you in your Bible study, I would recommend works which stimulate your thinking.

我认为查经工具书中对学生最有帮助的﹐是> (三卷﹐ 香港﹕
证主﹐1972﹐1980﹐ 1982)。对每一段经文﹐都提出两套问题。书中并不提供答案
﹗在查经书中﹐这可能是最难用的一本﹐可是值得花时间去使用。按照问题回到经文去找答案﹐然后把答案写出来﹐就差不多有一篇讲章﹐或一课查经/主日学了﹗
The best tool is Search the ????ures (London: Inter Varsity Press, 1949), which has been translated into Chinese as Yan Jing Ri Ke 研经日课 (Hong Kong: Christian Communications Ltd., 1972, 1980, 1982; 3 volumes). Two sets of questions are given for every passage from Genesis to Revelation. No answers, just questions! This is probably the most difficult book in its category, but well worth your diligent effort in digging into the Word of God. When you have adequately and correctly answered the two questions for every passage, you almost have a sermon/Bible study lesson ready!

另外一本﹐与>一样是写给大学生读经用的﹐就是清晨静思主话>> (香港﹕种籽﹐ 1976-1981﹐四卷)。每一段经文的研读问题比较多﹐也比较浅易。我的建议是﹕与>一起用。
Another book in the same category is This Morning With God (IVP), and the Chinese translation is Qing Chen Jing Si Zhu Hua (Hong Kong: Seed Press, 1976-1981; 4 volumes). There are a greater number of questions for each passage; and they are easier to answer. I would use this book in conjunction with Search the ????ures.

对不能找到上述两套书的信徒们﹐导航会与 Inter Varsity Press 都出版了一套套的查经书﹐可供个人灵修或查经小组用。我很喜欢导航会出版的 Lifechange Series 那一套。好的查经书 (或小书) ﹐必定是指引读者回到经文去找原意的。
For those who cannot get hold of either volume, The Navigators 导航会 (Navpress) as well as Inter Varsity Press have been producing series after series of Bible study guides. I have particularly enjoyed using The “Lifechange Series” published by Navpress. These are guides which points you to open the Bible and find the answers to the study questions.

查经班的负责人和主日学教员常常自行编制教材﹐其实 “专家” 们花了多年时间编好这么多系列的查经材料﹐我们大可以采购使用。除了导航会﹐IVP以外﹐校园﹐华神﹐香港基督徒学生福音团契﹐读经会等都出版这类材料。
Very often Bible study group leaders and Sunday School teachers try to gather many books and create their own lessons each week. This can be very unwise and unproductive, since the “experts” have already done the homework, and produced solid series of Bible study guides. My recommendation is to follow one book each quarter for your Bible study group, such as the “Lifechange” series by Navpress, or any number of paperback guides from Inter Varsity Press. Increasingly, similar sets of booklets are available from Taiwan and Hong Kong, e.g. Campus Evangelical Fellowship, China Evangelical Seminary.

选购查经材料时要注意﹐该书是否只鼓励讨论与分享﹖还是真正带领读者有系统的进入经文寻找真理﹐找出查经问题的答案﹖一本好的查经书所提供的问题﹐应该有一半以上是观察方面和解释方面的问题 (而不都是应用方面的问题) ﹐带领读者好好的探索经文。
One criterion to keep in mind, when you shop for Bible study guides in the bookstore, is: Does this guide merely encourage group discussion? Does this guide merely encourage people to open up themselves and talk about their experiences, including hurts and pains? Or does this guide primarily point the group members to explore the text of the Bible? Is there a balance between “observation” and “interpretation” questions, on the one hand (which forces the reader to grapple with the text), and “application” and “ice-breaker” questions, on the other (which brings the Bible to our own situation)? A study guide which does not have a solid portion (at least half) of study questions in the “observation” and “interpretation” category, may be wasting your group members’ precious time.

HOW TO INTERPRET THE BIBLE 释经

For decades in the 20th century, T. Norton Sterrett’s How to Understand Your Bible (Downers Grove, IL: Inter Varsity Press, 1974) was a standard evangelical text, for Sunday School, Bible studies and Bible college classes. The Chinese translation is: Ru he ming bai sheng jing > (Taipei: China Sunday School Association 台北﹕中国主日学协会). This book asks the student to use an English Bible and an English dictionary to look up the meaning of words. It does not point the student to Greek or Hebrew study aids. Thus, it is easy to use for the beginner. This book belongs to the generation when evangelicals were not running to the non-evangelicals for guidance, and when evangelicals really believed, and emphasized, the fact that the Bible was inspired by the Holy Spirit. (With the advent of neo-evangelicalism, scholars are shying away from emphasizing the doctrinal unity of ????ure, leaning toward highlighting the historical progression and the variety of literary genres reflected in the various books of the Bible. Newer books, such as the very popular How To Understand The Bible For All Its Worth, by Gordon Fee and others >, conveniently skips over the doctrine of inspiration, and immediately points the reader to the various kinds of literature in the Bible – a dangerous move).

An older text on hermeneutics (the science of interpreting the Bible) is Louis Berkhof’s Principles of Bilbical Interpretation (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans 释经学原理 - 香港﹕浸信会出版社). More recent books on interpretation have been written by R.C. Sproul and John Stott. Shorter works in Chinese include A. Stibbs’ Understanding God’s Word > (Milltown, NJ: Christian Renewal Ministries, 1975). Bernard Ramm’s Protestant Bible Interpretation (Ji du jiao shi jing xue 兰姆﹐>) is less conservative, and more broadly appealing. Though it sells better than Berkhof, I would still recommend the Sunday School teacher to work through Berkhof, supplemented by Stott and Sproul’s paperbacks.

Dan Doriani’s Getting the Message (Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1996) is a fresh, dynamic approach to Bible interpretation which is faithful to the inspiration and authority of ????ure, and in dialogue with contemporary theories of interpretation. Doriani also balances concerns of the heart with those of the mind. Consider using this along with Berkhof, Stott and Sproul!

BIBLE DICTIONARIES 圣经辞典

>﹐是我认为帮助基督徒查考>的最重要工具书。当你准备查经或主日学时﹐最好阅读>里对一些关键性的词的解释﹐如﹕牺牲﹐圣典﹐教会﹐爱﹐公义﹐信心﹐称义﹐默示等。另外﹐可以每天抽出一点时间﹐读一篇﹐实在能使你在对>认识的深度有所长进。
The one single volume which I think a Christian should purchase to supplement his/her Bible is The New Bible Dictionary (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans; originally published by Inter Varsity Press, 1962); Chinese translation: Sheng Jing Xin Ci Dian > (2 volumes; Hong Kong: 天道Tien Dao, 1993, 1997). When you are preparing for a Bible study lesson/sermon, look up the most significant (heavy) doctrinal words in the dictionary, e.g.: sacrifice 牺牲, temple 圣殿, church 教会, love 爱, righteousness 公义, faith 信心, justification 称义, inspiration 默示, God 神, etc. Also, read one article a day during a spare moment (before you go to bed!)! It will really enrich your understanding of what God’s Word teaches.

>乃按1982第二版翻译的﹐虽然昂贵﹐可是值得投资。应该经常使用﹗最近香港的启创 (Almega) 已出版光碟版本。
The Chinese version, based on the 1982 2nd edition, is expensive, but well worth the investment. You need to learn to use it regularly! Fortunately, Almega (Hong Kong) has now released this dictionary in CD-Rom format.

>的作者中稳重的有下列 “上一代” 的圣经学者与神学家﹕
The New Bible Dictionary lists all the contributing authors in the front of Volume 1. You can learn to identifythe author of each article. Here are some authors who are solid and reliable, who have written significant articles on doctrinal themes in The New Bible Dictionary:

Leon Morris 莫理昂 – Australian theologian
R. A. France 法兰士– author of The Living God (Chinese: Ren shi yong sheng shen 着有﹕认识永生神﹐校园 Campus Evangelical Fellowship) and several other books
J. I. Packer 巴刻– wrote the article on “Inspiration” and many others; author of Knowing God, God’s Words, Concise Theology> , Keep in Step with the Spirit >, and The Quest for Godliness, etc.
F. F. Bruce 步鲁士– New Testament scholar, for many years professor in Manchester, England; author of The New Testament Documents: Are They Reliable? (IVP)
Donald Guthrie – Bible scholar, London Bible College; author of New Testament Introduction, New Testament Theology.
John Murray 慕理– late professor, Westminster Seminary; his classic works include The Imputation of Adam’s Sin (Presbyterian and Reformed); Redemption Accomplished and Applied 着有﹕> (Eerdmans); Commentary on Romans; and his 4-volume Collected Works of John Murray (Banner of Truth Trust).
R. V. G. Tasker – British author of several commentaries.
J. A. Motyer – British author of several commentaries, esp. in the Tynddale OT/NT commentaries series.
E. J. Young 杨以德 – late Old Testament professor, Westminster Seminary 威敏斯特已
故教授﹐保守派旧约大师; author of Thy Word Is Truth (still in print from Banner of Truth); Studies in Genesis One; Thy Servants the Prophets; a 3-volume commentary on Isaiah; etc. 中文有﹕> (基督教文艺出版社) 。
H. Ridderbos – Dutch Reformed New Testament theologian
J. B. Payne – former professor, Covenant Seminary and Wheaton College.
J. D. Douglas – Scottish church historian; for many years professor at Singapore Bible College; the original general editor of The New Bibel Dictionary!
Meredith Kline – brilliant Old Testament scholar; former professor at Gordon Conwell Theological Seminary and Westminster Seminary.

>好像一个宴席﹐让你品尝当代神学大师的著作。不过﹐有时也会遇见一些作者在当代圣经[批判理论面前低头的﹐如﹕说摩西五经是被掳后才写成的。所以读的时候也须谨慎。
The New Bible Dictionary> is an excellent “buffet table” where you can try “nuggets” from the giants listed above. Once in a while, in some of the articles authored by other scholars, one finds objectionable viewpoints, e.g. that parts of the Five Books of Moses were written after the Exile, etc. Let the reader beware.

英文世界里﹐>以好几种形式出现。
Note: there are at least three English versions: the original New Bible Dictionary (the cover may look different because of different printings); the Tyndale Illustrated Bible Dictionary (3 volumes); and the New Bible Dictionary: Third Edition. I prefer the first: it is the original, it is the cheapest, and since it is older, it is not as much affected by contemporary theories of biblical criticism. The Tyndale edition is in 3 volumes, and has many illustrations in color. The text is the same as the older version; only the illustrations are new; and the price is rather high.

BIBLE COMMENTARIES 圣经注释

圣经注释﹐在准备讲章和主日学教材时﹐可以给我们一些帮助﹐叫我们从大处着想。
Commentaries are very useful in giving you balance, an overall view, and things you may overlook in preparing sermons.

My favorite New Testament commentary series is William Hendriksen, The New Testament Commentary (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker); it was completed after Hendriksen’s death by Dr. Simon Kistemaker of Reformed Theological Seminary. Hendriksen - Kistemaker is expository and homiletical; that is, the commentary reads like a sermon. There are many helpful outlines, and I Corinthians, in particular, was written by Kistemaker who responded intelligently to contemporary debates, e.g. the place of women in the ministry of the church.

中文圣经注释里﹐有>单行本 (香港﹕证道﹐1958) 。
The single one-volume Bible commentary most available and most helpful is The New Bible Commentary: Revised (Eerdmans, 1970; Chinese translation was based on original version: The New Commentary, Inter Varsity, 1953; in Chinese: Sheng Jing Xin Shi>, Hong Kong: Christian Witness Press 证道出版社, 1958). It is compact, and does not intend to answer every theological question. But it is a helpful overview of the content of the passage. Remember that this commentary has gone through many editions, including the present 21st century edition. I prefer the older editions, which have not been influenced by contemporary theories of biblical criticism.

Ripe, mature commentaries on the various books of the Bible have been written by Puritans and other church leaders since the 17th century. They have been collected in The Geneva Commentaries, published by Banner of Truth Trust. Also try the one-volume (abridged) Bible commentary by Matthew Henry, or his 6-volume set. It is devotional, and solidly rooted in the Puritan quest to reverently understand God’s Word.

亨利马太 (Matthew Henry) 的圣经注释﹐是清教徒运动后期的作品﹐收集
了清教徒的智慧。
Matthew Henry’s commentaries: late Puritan author has gleaned from over 100 years of Puritan wisdom.

Campus Evangelical Fellowship in Taiwan 校园 has been translating and publishing the Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries and Tyndale New Testament Commentaries series > (English original published by Inter Varsity Press). They are very helpful. More recently written commentaries contain evangelical scholar’s dialogue with, and use of, contemporary theories of Bible interpretation.

Some individual Bible commentaries are truly classics: the 3 volume commentary on Isaiah by E.J. Young 杨以德, the 1-volume or 2-volume commentary on Romans by John Murray 慕理, and the 2-volume on The Sermon on the Mount by Martyn Lloyd-Jones 钟马田 are tremendous feasts of spiritual wisdom. They are all in print at this point! Martyn Lloyd-Jones has been hailed as the greatest preacher in the 20th century. He has written Bible commentary series on Romans and Ephesians, etc.

The Anchor Bible and other commentary series published by Word and Zondervan put the reader in touch with contemporary debates in Bible background and interpretation. They do not have the same solid, traditional flavor as Hendriksen, Murray, Young and the Puritans.

TOPICAL ANALYSIS OF THE BIBLE 主题汇编

The Topical Analysis of the Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 1991; subsequently renamed Baker’s Topical Guide to the Bible) was edited by Walter Elwell of Wheaton College. This is an excellent tool, because it is simply an arrangement of Bible verses, all typed out in full, according to an order of doctrine/systematic theology. This is helpful as you study a particular topic or doctrine. Chinese translation was published in 1996 as Zhu Ti Hui Shi Sheng Jing > (Logos Publishers 基道出版社, Unit 1011, Fo Tan Industrial Centre, 26 Au Pui Wan Street, Fo Tan, Shatin, Hong kong, fax 852 2687 0281, 1997).

>已有光碟版本﹐由香港启创出版。

THEOLOGICAL DICTIONARIES 神学辞典

> - 文章素质与信仰立场参差不齐﹐“编者注” 往往离题。可是﹐参考性高。
The New Dictionary of Theology, edited by Sinclair Ferguson, David F. Wright and J.I. Packer (Downers Grove, IL: Inter Varsity, 1988) is a standard reference volume for evangelicals. It stands in the center of the evangelical movement, and sometimes somewhat to the left of center. The Chinese equivalent, Dang Dai Shen Xue Ci Dian > (2 volumes, edited by Arnold Yeung 中文编译本主编﹕杨牧谷), leans further toward the left, and is much more appreciate of the contemporary (non-evangelical) academic scene. For example, while Yeung has added new material to the original English text, he does not always give equal treatment to more conservative views (e.g. his work in the article on “Apologetics” gives almost no attention to evangelicals like Cornelius Van Til 范泰尔 and Carl F. Henry 韩客尔). 编者偏见一例﹕保守派的护教大师﹐如范泰而﹐韩客尔等﹐在 “护教” 一文中一字
不提。

一本信仰立场可靠的神学辞典﹕赵中辉编﹐> (改革宗翻
译社) ﹐不过可读性不如其他市面上的神学辞典 。
Yeung’s work should be supplemented by Charles Chao’s A Dictionary of Theological Terms (Shen xue ming ci ci dian 赵中辉﹐>, Reformation Translation Fellowship 改革宗翻译社, 3rd edition, 1998). Chao is Reformed, and gives a more conservative interpretation of key terms; his writing, however, can be difficult to read. His book is really useful mainly for his solid biblical stance.

Another helpful work is Walter Elwell’s Evangelical Dictionary of Theology (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 1984). Elwell has been teaching theology at Wheaton College for many years.

Dr. Colin Brown of Fuller Theological Seminary was editor of The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1975; 4 volumes, including index), the standard work which has taken into account contemporary critical theories. A broader academic volume consulted by students of religion and theology is Gerhard Kittel, ed. (translated by Geoffrey W. Bromiley), Theological Dictionary of the Theology of New Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964-74, 10 volumes). Fortunately, this has been abridged into one volume, nicknamed the “Little Kittel”: Theological Dictionary of the New Testament: Abridged in One Volume (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1985).

Both give definitions of the word in Greek, along with background in Hebrew and Old Testament usage as well as secular Greek usage. Kittell should not be considered an evangelical work.

A visit to your local seminary library will put you in touch with many other dictionaries of the Bible and dictionaries of theology. Use your discretion! Likewise when you visit your local secular bookstore – the religion section often carries dictionaries of the Bible and dictionaries of theology.

BIBLE SURVEYS 圣经综览

For the Old Testament, two one-volume textbooks are conservative and highly readable: Jack Scott, God’s Plan Unfolded (Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House, 1976), and Leon Wood, A Survey of Israel’s History (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1970﹔ >). Scott‘s is a clearly covenantal perspective on the Old Testament.

The Christian Education and Publications Committee (Presbyterian Church in America) has published a very substantial series entitled Adult Biblical Education Series (Committee on Christian Education and Publications, 1852 Century Place, Suite 101, Atlanta, GA 30345, 1980). There is one volume introducing the Old Testament; one volume introducing the New Testament; and numerous volumes treating every part of the Bible. Lessons are written out in full, for the benefit of the Sunday School teacher or Bible study leader. Lessons may be too long to be covered in 1 hour; I suggest using one of Scott’s lessons for two sessions. Sometimes Scott will include other materials, e.g. sketches of Church History. Available from the Christian Education and Publications bookstore in Atlanta, Georgia.

BIBLE INTRODUCTION (BACKGROUND) 圣经入门

滕慕理﹐>(香港﹕宣道出版社﹐1976) 。杨以德﹐> (香港﹕基督教文艺出版社﹐可能绝版) 。这两本信仰立场保守可靠。
Two standard, older evangelical introductions to the background of the Bible were written by Gleason Archer (A Survey of Old Testament Introduction, Chicago, IL: Moody Press, 1964) and Merrill Tenney 滕慕理 (New Testament Survey, Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1961). Students at Moody and Trinity have nicknamed Archer’s book “The Yellow Bible,” since Dr. Archer used to examine the students on their memory of the content in it! Tenney is available in Chinese: Xin Yue Zong Lan > (香港﹕宣道出版社 Hong Kong: China Alliance Press, 1976). Edward J. Young 杨 以 德 has also written a solidly conservative introduction to the Old Testament, which is available from the Southeast Asia Theological Education series (Chinese Christian Literature Council 杨以德﹐>﹐ 基督教文艺出版社) . The English original, An Introduction to the Old Testament, is out of print. Try hunting for it through used-book dealers!

一个起步查经的学生﹐应该用一些信仰保守可靠的圣经导论书籍。
My position is: the Bible student should start with a clearly and solidly conservative reference tool such as Young and Archer.

A more scholarly approach is New Testament Introduction by Donald Guthrie of London Bible College (IVP). Guthrie gives an overview of the many theories on a debate, and then seeks to offer reasonable support for the conservative view. This is the kind of approach which contemporary evangelical scholars should, but do not, imitate. Guthrie solidly stands in the evangelical tradition.

Other evangelical scholars who have stood firm in the midst of the academic world include: F. F. Bruce (author of dozens of books) and Dr. Metzger of Princeton Seminary (expert on New Testament textual criticism).

(EVANGLEICAL) BIBLICAL THEOLOGY 圣经神学

Biblical theology 圣经神学 is different from systematic theology 系统神学. While systematic theology asks the question, “What does the entire Bible teach about a particular topic x?,” Biblical theology is the study of themes which God has revealed, at different periods of the history of revelation. For example, studies on the covenant in the Five Books of Moses; the promise of the Messiah in the Old Testament prophets; the kingdom of God in the Gospels; suffering and the age to come in the epistles of Paul; etc. are classic examples of Biblical theology.

Your understanding of the Bible will be greatly enriched through the study of Biblical theology. Another benefit is: you will be amazed how Jesus Christ is really the central figure and focus of the Old Testament.

In my view, an effective worship leader should be a student of Biblical theology, especially Old Testament biblical theology.

Biblical theology is grounded on two beliefs: the historical progression of revelation, and the unity of revelation. Contemporary evangelical Biblical scholars often forget the unity of revelation; e.g. they pitch Jesus (a Hippie-like lover of all people) against Paul (whom they accuse of being a woman-hater). This is the kind of Biblical study which clearly harms the church and erodes the Christian’s confidence in the Bible!

A word of caution: Biblical theology refers to the evangelical study of the history of revelation. This is not to be confused with another movement, the “Biblical theology movement” which is non-evangelical (treated by J.I. Packer 巴刻 in his book, Truth and Power). This non-evangelical type of Biblical theology purports to study what the people of God believed and preached at different points in time; however, these scholars do not necessarily (often they actually do not) believe that the Bible is inspired and inerrant.

The great leader of the evangelical Biblical theology movement – as properly understood by J.I. Packer in Truth and Power – is Dr. Edmund P. Clowney, retired president of Westminster Theological Seminary. You can taste the riches of Biblical theology through Clowney’s book, The Mystery Unveiled, or his older work, Preaching and Biblical Theology. A shorter work by one of the numerous students of Clowney, is Charles Drew, Ancient Love Song: Finding Christ in the Old Testament (Presbyterian and Reformed, 2001).

Standard academic works on Old Testament biblical theology include: Gerhardus Vos, Biblical Theology; Meredith Kline, Treaty of the Great King; and Meredith Kline, The Structure of Biblical Authority. Seminary students are often required to read works on biblical theology by non-evangelicals such as Von Rad and W. Eichrodt.

New Testament biblical theology is best exemplified by the last section in G. Vos, Biblical Theology, and Vos’ other work: Pauline Eschatology. Besides G. Vos, Herman Ridderbos is another name to remember when shopping for books on biblical theology. Ridderbos has a book on Paul. Vos has a shorter book entitled The Coming of the Kingdom.

A French Roman Catholic author has edited a one-volume Dictionary of Biblical Theology, which is very helpful as a supplementary tool.

DOCTRINE: CREEDS, CATECHISMS, STUDY GUIDE
教义﹕信条﹐信仰告白﹐信仰问答

建立信仰根基﹐应当参考历代教会公认的信条。在宗教改革时期﹐信条最精彩的是1643-47写成的>﹐和附带的>与>。后人又根据>写了>。
17-18世纪的教会里﹐儿童都须要背诵>﹐乃是坚信培训 (即
被获准领圣餐之前) 之必读课本。今天我们成年人读>﹐不会
太难﹐也不会太容易﹗巴刻博士在维真学院的神学课程里﹐往往要求学生把>背下来。
To build one’s theological foundation from the beginning, or to teach young people, I suggest two catechisms: The Shorter Catechism with ????ure Proofs (Banner of Truth Trust, 3 Murrayfield Road, Edinburgh EH12 6EL, Scotland; or P O. Box 621, Carlisle, PA 17103, USA; US $1.00) and The First Catechism (Great Commission Publications, 3640 Windsor Park Drive, Suite 100, Suwanee, GA 30024-1800, 1996, 95 cents). Both can be ordered from the CEP bookstore. >﹐ http://samling.ccim.org.

>﹐收在>里﹐而>乃>的教科书﹐中学程度﹐是基督徒读系统教义的最好入门。

The Shorter Catechism was written by the Westminster Assembly in England(1647), for use in churches to teach their young people Bible doctrine. Since then, it has become the best exposition of Protestant doctrines in history! Dr. J. I. Packer has, on many occasions, required his theology class to memorize all the 100+ answers! For the contemporary adult, we may need a study guide to accompany it: G. I. Williamson, The Shorter Catechism for Study Classes (Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing, 1970; 2 volumes), available from CEP bookstore. Reformation Translation Fellowship has translated this as Ji Du Jiao Yao Dao Chu Jie [First Steps in Christian Doctrine] > (Taipei: Reformation Translation Fellowship 基督教改革宗翻译社, 1979), useful for training classes for elders, deacons and Sunday School teachers. I would use it in high school and college Sunday School classes.

> - 2002 年修订版。近年来﹐中华福音神学院出版了
>。
The more complete exposition of Reformational doctrine is The Westminster Confession of Faith, Larger and Shorter Catechisms (Atlanta, GA: Presbyterian Church in America, 3rd edition, 1990; available from CEP bookstore). Get the version with ????ure texts! I particularly appreciate the Confession’s definition of the authority of the Bible (Chapter 1); its explanation of assurance of salvation (chapter 19); and the Larger Catechism’s explanation of the use of God’s law. Both the Larger and the Shorter Catechism devotes plenty of space to explaining the Ten Commandments and the Lord’s Prayer. G. I. Williamson has written The Westminster Confession of Faith for Study Classes (Phillipsurg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1964) as a study guide. The Confession and the Shorter (not the Larger) Catechism has been collected in Reformation Translation Fellowship’s creeds volume: Li Dai Jiao Hui Xin Tiao Jing Xuan [Ecumenical Creeds and Reformed Confessions and Catechisms] > (Taipei: Reformation Translation Fellowship 改革宗翻译社 , 1993, 2002). Another standard Chinese colleciton of creeds is: Li dai ji du jiao xin tiao [Confessions, Catechisms and Church Councils] > (Hong Kong: Chinese Christian Council 基督教文艺出版社, 1957).

The Presbyterian Church (USA) has compiled a volume of creeds known as The Book of Confessions (Office of the General Assembly, Presbyterian Church (USA), 100 Witherspoon Street, Louisville, KY 40202-1396, 800-524-2612 or 502-569-5000 ext. 2503, 1996; $11.00). Seminary bookstores now carry it regularly. The study version is more expensive than the regular version. This volume contains most of the Reformed creeds, along with 20th century statements which may contain a Neo-Orthodox / Barthian slant. It is an inexpensive, helpful reference work.

A good seminary bookstore will carry several volumes of creeds and confessions.

> - 与威敏斯特信仰告白相似﹐洗礼观属浸礼宗。
Baptists should be interested to know that the London Confession (1680s) is now available in both English and Chinese ﹕> (Reformed Christian Book Club, P.O. Box 25107, Harbour Building Post Office, Hong Kong, 1991)。

TEXTBOOKS ON SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY 系统神学教科书

20世纪出版的改革宗系统神学教科书﹐最典型的是伯克夫的>﹐可惜还没有翻译成中文。
For many years, the standard Reformed textbook is Louis Berkhof, Systematic Theology (Carlisle, PA: Banner of Truth, 1939; reprinted in numerous editions). The contemporary edition has included another work, formerly called The Introductory Volume, along with Systematic Theology. You should buy this combined one-volume edition whenever possible! It is well worth the US $35-40 investment.

伯克夫也写了>﹐信仰立场坚固。中文译本由改革宗翻译社出版﹐其中三位一体的教义﹐和人论的两部分﹐在中华展望的网页上有修订版﹕http://samling.ccim.org。
Dr. Berkhof taught systematic theology for many years at Calvin Seminary, and can be considered a 20th century “heir” to Charles Hodge (see below). Berkhof has written another “companion volume”: A History of Christian Doctrines (translated as: Ji du jiao jiao yi shi >, Taipei: Reformation Translation Fellowship
改革宗翻译社, 1984). Solid, comprehensive, succinct.

These three books should be used together.

伯克夫﹐>与>﹐都是他的>的浓缩本。前者由改革宗翻译社出版﹐后者由香港的天道书楼出版。
Berkhof has written a shorter version, A Manual of Christian Doctrine, which has been translated by Rev. Charles Chao赵中辉 of the Reformation Translation Fellowship, entitled Ji Du Jiao Jiao Yi Gai Lun > (Taipei: Reformation Translation Fellowship 改革宗翻译社, 1974). English version is still in print.

A still shorter version is A Summary of Christian Doctrine (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans 1938, reprinted numerous times), published by Tien Dao Publishers in Hong Kong as Ji Du Jiao Jiao Yi Gai Yao > (Hong Kong: Tien Dao Publishing House 天道书楼, 1978, 1983, 1986). English version is in print both in Britain and in North America. A must buy!

加尔文的> (香港﹕基督教文艺出版出版社﹐三册) 是基督
新教的最早﹐也是历史上最伟大的系统神学著作之一﹐感谢主有中文翻译﹐虽然有部分段落从略﹐可是至少可以给我们对加尔文的信仰有最基本的认识。>收在 “基督教历代名著集成” 系列里。
Two standard works on systematic theology are probably too long for the beginner, but a worthwhile investment for future study: John Calvin 加尔文﹐ Institutes of the Christian Religion (tr. Ford Lewis Battles; Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1960; 2 volumes), and Charles Hodge, Systematic Theology (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, many editions, 3 volumes; there is a one-volume abridged edition). Calvin’s work is unparalled; you can buy a Chinese excerpted version in the Ji Du Jiao Li Dai Ming Zhu Ji Cheng 基督教历代名著集成 (Christian Classics Library) series, published by Chinese Christian Literature Council基督教文艺出版社, Hong Kong. The Chinese title is Ji Du Jiao Yao Yi >. (volumes 5-6 of the series).

Thomas Watson, A Body of Divinity: > ﹐台北﹕加尔文出版社。
作者是清教徒神学家﹐本书给我们对清教徒的信仰有起码的认识。其他的清教徒神学著作﹐如欧文的>﹐Thomas Watson 的 >﹐由中华展望在
翻译﹐出版中。19世纪改革宗最伟大的系统神学著作乃是贺治的>﹐英文共三卷﹐目前有浓缩版(一卷)。贺治是普林斯顿神学院的教授﹐在19世纪的美国﹐面对自由神学的入侵﹐领导了美国教会作护教的工夫。后来普林斯顿的神学教授还有 Benjamin Breckinridge Warfield (B.B. Warfield) ﹐他最有名的神学包括>的默启示﹐和灵恩的 “终止论” 。
Charles Hodge 贺治 was systematic theology professor at Princeton Seminary in the 19th century; although many people would no longer use his “arguments from experience,” and many cannot read the Latin sections of the 3 volume text, Hodge remains a tower of strength defending the orthodox, Reformed, evangelical positions. Fortunately for 21st century readers, there is now a one-volume abridged version. The passages in Latin have been deleted, the resulting work is much easier to use!

James Montgomery Boice ( -2001) 生前是费城第十长老会的主任牧师﹐毕业
与哈佛大学﹐普林斯顿神学院﹐和在瑞士攻读神学博士﹐是福音派改革宗的重要发言人。着有几十本解经﹐神学书籍﹐也是国际圣经无误协会的主席﹐和费城改革宗讲座的发起人。他的系统神学 (四卷) 已经翻成中文﹕>﹐>﹐>﹐和>。段落的按照编排按照加尔文的>。
For the average, beginning student (seminarian, layperson or Sunday School teacher), two easier one-volume texts are: James M. Boice, Foundations of Christian Faith (Downers Grove, IL: Inter Varsity Press, 1986; formerly 4 volumes), and Wayne Grudem, Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1994). Boice is pastor at Tenth Presbyterian Church, and a staunch defender and able expositor of Bible doctrines. He follows the same outline as Calvin’s Institutes. Parts I, II and III of Boice has been translated into Chinese as: Quan quan zhi shen > [The Sovereign God] (Milltown, NJ: Christian Renewal Ministries); Jiu shu zhi shen > [God the Redeemer] (Milltown, NJ: Christian Renewal Ministries, 1997); and Xiang shen jue xing > [Awakening to God] (Milltown, NJ: Christian Renewal Ministries更新传道会, 1999).

当代英文世界里可读性最高的系统神学教科书首推﹕Wayne Grudem, Systematic Theology; Wayne Grudem, Bible Doctrine. 作者毕业于威敏斯特神学院﹐
多年在芝加哥的三一神学院任教﹐神学立场属改革宗﹐对灵恩运动 (尤其预言) 采取温和与谨慎批判态度。他的英文>每章都有参考书目﹐列出其他立场的神学家在同一问题上的讨论﹔每章也介绍一首圣诗的歌词。
Grudem is Reformed, and sympathetic to certain themes in the contemporary charismatic movement. Grudem adds a hymn at the end of every chapter, and his sectional headings are framed in questions; highly readable! There is now a shorter version by Grudem, called Bible Doctrine. Beginners can consider either the longer or shorter work!

中文系统神学教科书最精简的是﹕吕沛渊﹐>三卷。吕牧师是威敏斯特神学院的哲学博士﹐讲道有培灵的风格﹐信仰改革宗。吕博士的神学课程备受中国和海外华人知识分子和信徒欢迎。
Chinese-readers should be encouraged to know that Dr. Luke Lu 吕沛渊 (Lu Pei yuan) has written a three volume work called Ji yao shen xue >(Essential Theology I, II, III), which has been published by Overseas Campus Magazine海外校
园 (Lomita, California) and Campus Evangelical Fellowship 校园出版社 (Taipei). This is the newest brief introduction to systematic theology for the beginner!