美国的社会处方：新兴学习与机遇
美国的社会处方：新兴学习与机遇
Social prescribing in the USA: emerging learning and opportunities
——《柳叶刀 / 公共卫生》2025年第10卷第6期——
【摘要】慢性病在全球的流行和高昂的医疗费用是复杂的挑战，促使各国致力于解决健康的社会决定因素以及随之而来的社会需求。这些挑战需要创新的医疗保健实践，将疾病预防、治疗和管理与有益健康的举措相结合，以促进人口健康。许多国家已将社会处方视为一种有前景的方法。社会处方将人们与其社区内的非临床支持和服务联系起来。虽然社会处方在政府资助的国家更为普遍，但在本观点中，我们分享了美国的经验教训。我们认为，鉴于美国国家及其卫生系统的异质性，美国的社会处方是独一无二的，并且这方面影响着项目活动、目标人群和模式。这些案例提供了宝贵的经验教训，说明了在不同环境下（包括私有化医疗保健系统）实施社会处方的障碍和推动因素。最后，我们呼吁美国利益相关者认识到社会处方可能为公共卫生带来的益处，并采取行动支持其发展。我们也邀请其他国家的利益相关者借鉴美国的经验，并探讨如何在本国成功实施社会处方。
[Summary] The global prevalence of chronic diseases and high costs of health care are complex challenges that are driving countries to focus on addressing the social determinants of health and downstream social needs. These challenges require innovative health-care practices that integrate disease prevention, treatment, and management with salutogenic initiatives to promote population health. Many countries have turned to social prescribing as a promising approach. Social prescribing connects people with non-clinical support and services within their communities. While social prescribing has more commonly been adopted in countries with government-funded national health services, in this Viewpoint, we share learning from examples in the USA. We argue that social prescribing in the USA is unique given the heterogeneity of the country and its health systems, and that this aspect influences programme activities, target-populations, and models. These examples offer valuable lessons about the barriers and enablers to implementing social prescribing in different contexts, including privatised health-care systems. Ultimately, we call upon US stakeholders to recognise the benefits that social prescribing could bring to public health and take action to support its development. We also invite stakeholders from other countries to consider learnings from the USA and how social prescribing can be successfully implemented in their contexts.
论文原文：Rachel Marshall, Alexandra Bradbury, Nicole Morgan, Katrina Pineda, Daniel Hayes, Alexandra Burton, et al. (2025). Social prescribing in the USA: emerging learning and opportunities. The Lancet / Public Health. Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 531-536. June 2025.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(25)00066-0
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